パワーリチウム電池リサイクル業界の機会が来ています
The first batch of new energy vehicle power batteries put into the market in my country will soon usher in a centralized scrapping period. According to data released by market research institutions, in 2016, the scrapped power battery in my country was about 12,000 tons, and by 2020, this number is expected to surge to about 248,000 tons. The centralized "retirement" of used power batteries has brought a window of opportunity to the recycling industry.
However, it is not easy to realize this "benefit". Immature technology, non-standard processing, and inadequate supervision may erode development dividends. It is imperative to establish a mature and efficient recycling system.
"Scrap wave" brings opportunities for power battery recycling industry
The Shenzhen Municipal Transportation Commission announced that, in addition to retaining some non-pure electric vehicles as emergency transport capacity, all the city's franchised public transport vehicles have been fully electric. By 2020, Shenzhen will also achieve 100 percent electrification of taxis.
This is a microcosm of my country's move towards a big country in the production and sales of new energy vehicles. Since 2014, my country's new energy vehicle market has shown a rapid development trend. As of the end of 2017, the number of new energy vehicles in the country reached 1.53 million.
However, another fact worthy of attention is that the on-board power battery will usher in a centralized scrapping period in the next few years. "Our analysis believes that after 2018, the scale of domestic retired power batteries will increase rapidly." said Bai Min, an assistant researcher at the International Economic and Technical Cooperation Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
廃電池のリサイクルは非常に重要です。一方では、電池原料のリサイクルのレベルを向上させることができ、他方では、廃電池によって人や環境に引き起こされる潜在的な害を回避することができます。 。
A person in charge of a new energy vehicle manufacturing company told reporters that, unlike lead-acid batteries that contain heavy metals and are toxic and harmful in the past, lithium batteries commonly used in new energy vehicles are relatively less harmful to the environment. Copper, cobalt, lithium and other metals in batteries have higher economic value. Under the regulation of the market mechanism, waste power batteries will be favored by recycling companies. "Lithium batteries are full of treasures, and I'm not afraid that no one will handle them."
"Economic accounts" cannot be simply calculated, beware that industrial opportunities become social problems
——Immature industrialization technology squeezes profit space. Zhang Changling, a senior engineer at China Automotive Technology Research Center, believes that at present, key technologies such as power battery retirement judgment standards and detection technology, residual value evaluation technology of batteries that can be used in cascade, automatic dismantling of single battery and material sorting technology are not mature enough. Battery recycling companies still use manual dismantling or traditional recycling processes. According to estimates, a power battery recycling enterprise using traditional technology, recycling 1 ton of waste lithium iron phosphate power battery is not only unprofitable, but may lose money.
-リチウム電池の不適切な取り扱いには、爆発や汚染のリスクがあります。 中国科学院の深セン先端技術研究所の副研究員であるZhangZheming氏は、リチウム電池は比較的環境に優しいと述べましたが、それは処理中に人体や環境に害を及ぼさないという意味ではありません。 バッテリーがある程度消耗したり、輸送中の衝突後にショートしたりすると、バッテリーが爆発しやすくなります。
——The flow of some batteries lacks supervision, which can easily lead to "bad money drives out good money". Information from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology shows that since 2015, China Tower Corporation has built 57 decommissioned battery cascade utilization test sites in 9 provinces and cities including Heilongjiang and Tianjin. Various usage scenarios such as backup power, peak shaving and valley filling, and microgrid. However, Bai Min reminded that some used power batteries may also flow to informal recycling companies. Through simple dismantling, these companies resell some of the batteries to users in other fields, such as low-speed electric vehicles and electric toy manufacturers.
成熟した効率的なリサイクルシステムを確立することが不可欠です
First, speed up the formulation of more detailed and detailed industry standards. On December 1, 2017, the "Vehicle Power Battery Recycling and Dismantling Specifications" was implemented, and another important standard "Vehicle Power Battery Recycling and Utilization Residual Energy Testing" was also implemented on February 1, 2018. However, some details still haunt related companies, and experts have called for more detailed standards. Research shows that, taking the transportation of used batteries as an example, if the transportation is carried out according to the standard of hazardous waste, it will not only take a long time for approval for inter-provincial transportation, but also require special vehicles for transportation, and the cost will increase exponentially.
第二に、専門のリサイクル企業同盟が主導権を握り、リサイクルネットワークをさらに統合します。 バッテリーのリサイクルには、消費者、ディーラー、自動車会社などの複数のリンクが含まれ、多くの人的および物的資源が必要です。 異なる企業が独自のリサイクルシステムを確立すると、建設の重複を引き起こし、リサイクル効率に影響を及ぼします。 ZhangZhemingやBaiMinなどの専門家はすべて、生産者が広範な責任を負うことを前提として、主に専門の廃電池のリサイクルおよび処理企業に依存し、広く認められた協会や同盟が主導する全国的な統一リサイクルネットワークを確立する必要があると提案しました。
第三に、違反の監視を強化するためのバッテリーコードトレーサビリティシステムを確立します。 中国地質大学（北京）人文経済経営学部のGe Jianping准教授は、パワーバッテリーコーディングの必須基準をできるだけ早く確立し、パワーバッテリーデータベースを確立することを提案しました。 産業と情報技術、産業と商業、および環境保護の部門は、共同の監督力を形成し、パワーバッテリーを違法にリサイクルおよび処分する小さなワークショップを断固として罰する必要があります。
